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Hybrid cars

Jack Sheldon on July 1, 2007 | 2496 Views | 7 Comments

I am the proud owner of a hybrid car and am writing these words some 2 weeks after taking possession.

Why?
Well I guess you could classify me as a techy green - not one of those ecologists who believe we should be living back in caves, but one who believes that our society is moving on and is not going to give up on what it has. To me the hybrid car is a sensible partial solution to the problems raised by individual transportation. Essentially I'm getting a 30% fuel economy without any compromise in comfort and performance.

Costs
Difficult to estimate - I reckon that I paid a 10% premium for a hybrid car compared to a similar non-hybrid, but that's no more than a ball-park estimate. However there are incentives. I get a 50% reduction in road tax (which I can understand - it's a government incentive to encourage "clean" cars), but even more amazingly, my car insurance also went down 25%. I don't understand that one. The car insurance is private and I don't understand how "actuarily" a hybrid car is a lesser risk than a conventional one (except that maybe hybrid drivers are almost certainly less agressive drivers). Obviously with a 30% fuel economy compared to "comparable" non-hybrid cars, I call into filling stations far less frequently. I've only had the car 2 weeks but I seem to be averaging about 4,6 l/100 km (about 51 mpg for the heathens across the pond).

Performance
Well it drives much like any other vehicle, though more like an automatic than anything else. Actually it's still different from an automatic,as it doesn't have a gearbox of any kind. It's most amazing when you're driving slowly in "stealth" mode, so-called because you use only the electric motor and the car moves absolutely silently. It is a bit of a geek's car, because you tend to look at the hybrid display and smile when it's showing 0 l/100 km, which it does whenever you're going slightly downhill, or even when stationary (the petrol engine switches off).
Of course the vehicle has more electricity and electronics in it than a conventional car. Indeed one must consider the petrol engine as being only one element in this vehicle. What makes it work is the hybrid battery, the computer which decides how to mix the power sources and the transmission unit which does the mixing.
What is striking is the high quality of the engineering in the car. It is very different from a classic non-hybrid vehicle.

Ecological balance
Well I have already mentioned the 30% fuel economy, which obviously has a similar effect on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. On the downside you have the manufacture of the hybrid battery, which requires energy to manfacture and needs to be recycled at the end of its life. However, there are also many components present in a classic car, but absent in this one - no gearbox, no clutch, no starter motor (it just spins one of the generators at high speed to start the petrol engine).

So how do you feel - is the hybrd car a solution to reducing emissions from cars?

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7 Comments

Photo #1 by Jonathan Buck on July 3, 2007 at 10:38 a.m.

Very good

Photo #2 by Jonathan Buck on July 20, 2007 at 4:58 p.m.

It appears that Toyota is launching a plug-in version of the Prius:
http://www.asahi.com/english/Herald-asahi/TKY200707200126.html

Photo #3 by Jack Sheldon on September 13, 2007 at 4:14 p.m.

Diesel ist wesentlich schlechter. Ich kenn kein einziges Mittelklassauto die 4,6 l/100 km schafft (mindestens in Wirklichkeit). CO2 Abgabe vom Prius ist um 104 g/km. Diesel kommt nicht mal in der gleichen Liga. Ausserdem gibts bei Diesel immer noch Russemissionen - die meisten Dieselmotoren sind immer noch ohne Russpartikelfilter.

Photo #4 by Hans De Keulenaer on September 21, 2007 at 9:29 p.m.

Always good to learn a report from experience. I'm surprised about your comment about the little difference in the driving behaviour. Would have thought that in start-up, the electric engine would give you much more torque, combining a more sportive driving style with fuel saving.

#5 by Peter Still on October 4, 2007 at 2:45 p.m.

I'm interested in your views since I considered a hybrid a few years ago. I'm not convinced though that we have been given the full picture of the environmental cost over the full lifecycle. For example, what is the environmental impact of disposing of the batteries at the end of their life?

As for the Diesel argument, I agree that modern Diesel engines produce very low emissions when tested to European legislation, but note that at least one major manufacturer has written to owners advising them to drive for 20 minutes at 80 km/hr at least once per  week, to avoid choking the particle filter. Presumably this means that carbon is emitted from the engine, but not actually emitted from the exhaust, unless this speed is exceeded when the catalytic component of the filter 'burns' off the carbon particles. The Euro V tests don't seem to simulate prolonged driving at speed so I'm concerned that the real emissions might be higher than those produced during the test. Also modern low-sulphur Diesel fuel has used quite a lot of energy in the refining process.

I chose a dualfuel Vectra, which I run on LPG at all times. This gives a running cost advantage over a hybrid, and behaves exactly like a petrol powered car. The only downside is the need to fill up more frequently due to the small size of the LPG tank. There is a reduction in carbon emissions compared to a petrol engine, but not quite as much compared to a diesel. However less energy is used in refining the fuel.

Photo #6 by Jack Sheldon on October 4, 2007 at 6:27 p.m.

To Hans de Keulenaer - you can of course drive it agressively and obtain impressive torque - indeed it's nice to know you have the torque available when you need it, particularly at low speeds when you want to overtake. However I guess the average hybrid driver hasn't bought the hybrid to drive it as a sports car. I generally "glide away smoothly", with pretty constant acceleration. Depending on how hard I've pushed on the accelerator, the petrol engine will usually cut in somewhere between 20 and 40 km/hr.

To Peter Still - I can of course only quote what the manufacturer says about recyclability, where the claims are that 95% of the vehicle (and all the battery elements) are recyclable. Remember, we aren't dealing with lead-acid batteries here and the manufacturer reckons the hybrid battery should normally last for the life-time of the car (the hybrid battery is actually guaranteed for 8 years). There is a small lead-acid battery in the car, which runs the accessories, but can be very small as there's no need for a starter motor and the air-conditioning, which is totally electric, runs off the hybrid system.

Photo #7 by Pippa Rojo on October 8, 2007 at 6:24 p.m.

Today, I read that Nissan had announced a new version of the Pivo, its 3-seater, egg-shaped electric car. Not only can it drive sideways to get into those small town spaces or turn 180 degrees to drive off in the opposite direction, but it also has a robot that gives additional help with the parking or will wake up a sleepy driver with the offer of a coffee shop lying just ahead.

If you look at this video , the car has "drive by-wire" technologies that use electric signals in the steering, throttle and braking which mean that there aren't any mechanical or hydraulic linkages and, unlike the first Pivo, it has a separate motor on each axle which gives it incredible turning power. There are a whole load more electrically controlled features.

Of course, this car isn't yet commercially available, but it shows some of the technical developments we're likely to find in the future
.

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